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Challenge-dechallenge-rechallenge (CDR) is a medical testing protocol in which a medicine or drug is administered, withdrawn, then re-administered, while being monitored for adverse effects at each stage. The protocol is used when statistical testing is inappropriate due to an idiosyncratic reaction by a specific individual, or a lack of sufficient test subjects and unit of analysis is the individual. During the withdraw phase, the medication is allowed to wash out of the system in order to determine what effect the medication is having on an individual.

中文簡述：A-G reverse、多發性骨髓瘤

Polymyalgia (rheumatica) (meaning "pain in many muscles" in Greek), abbreviated as PMR, is an inflammatory condition of the muscles, which causes pain or stiffness, usually in the neck, shoulders, and hips. The pain can be very sudden, or can occur gradually over a period of time.

Most PMR sufferers wake up in the morning with pain in their muscles; however, there have been cases in which the patient has developed the pain during the evenings. Patients who have polymyalgia rheumatica may also have temporal arteritis, a potentially dangerous inflammation of blood vessels in the face. PMR usually goes away within a year or two after treatment.

淺談纖維肌痛(Fibromyalgia)症狀群

財團法人仁愛綜合醫院總院長　詹廖明義

TFCC查詢結果：張志豪醫師三角韌帶軟骨損傷

The ASA physical status classification system is a system for assessing the fitness of patients before surgery. In 1963 the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) adopted the five-category physical status classification system; a sixth category was later added. These are:

1. A normal healthy patient.
2. A patient with mild systemic disease.
3. A patient with severe systemic disease.
4. A patient with severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life.
5. A moribund patient who is not expected to survive without the operation.
6. A declared brain-dead patient whose organs are being removed for donor purposes.

If the surgery is an emergency, the physical status classification is followed by “E” (for emergency) for example “3E”. Class 5 is usually an emergency and is therefore usually "5E". The class "6E" does not exist and is simply recorded as class "6", as all organ retrieval in brain-dead patients are done urgently. The original definition of emergency in 1940, when ASA classification was first designed, was "a surgical procedure which, in the surgeon's opinion, should be performed without delay."This gives an opportunity for a surgeon to manipulate the schedule of elective surgery cases for personal convenience. An emergency is therefore now defined as existing when delay in treatment would significantly increase the threat to the patient's life or body part. With this definition, severe pain due to broken bones, ureteric stone or parturition (giving birth) is not an emergency.

: a reddened, swollen appearance of the ureteral orifice in the bladder wall, frequently observed with distal ureteral calculi or in tuberculosis of the ureter.

　　最近看到不少化療藥物是使用PAC的病人，而網路上有另一種給法是TAP；兩種給法差的就是cisplatin和carboplatin這一味藥。

useful because of its capacity to stain elastic fibers, the metachromatic granules of mast cells, and differentiates smooth muscle from collagen.

The stage of the disease (determined by surgical and pathological findings) and as classified by the International Federation of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (FIGO).

     A 30-year-old G4P0A2E1 female, whose LMP: 2009/4/6 and EDC: 2010/1/14, was admitted for complaining painful uterine contraction. MgSO4 is the first choice for her instead of Yutopar because her blood sugar was over the standard in OPD.

Child-Pugh Score Calculator

     The Seldinger technique is a medical procedure to obtain safe access to blood vessels and other hollow organs. It is named after Dr. SvenIvar Seldinger (1921-1998), a Swedish radiologist from Mora, Dalarna County, who introduced the procedure in 1953.